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Boreogadus saida
''Boreogadus saida'', known as the polar cod〔( Gadiform fishes of the World (Order Gadiformes) An annotated and illustrated catalogue of Cods, Hakes, Grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. ) FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125, Volume 10. 1990.〕〔(Polar cod ) Institute of Marine Research, Norway〕 or as the Arctic cod,〔〔(Arctic Cod: ''Boreogadus saida'' ) Arctic Ocean Diversity. Census of Marine Life.〕〔(Arctic Cod ) Aquatic species. Fisheries and Oceans Canada.〕 is a fish of the cod family Gadidae, related to the true cod (genus ''Gadus''). Another fish species for which both the common names Arctic cod and polar cod are used is ''Arctogadus glacialis''.
''B. saida'' has a slender body, a deeply forked tail, a projecting mouth, and a small whisker on its chin. It is plainly coloured with brownish spots and a silvery body. It grows to a length of . This species is found further north than any other fish (beyond 84°N) with a distribution spanning the Arctic seas off northern Russia, Alaska, Canada, and Greenland.
This fish is most commonly found at the water's surface, but is also known to travel at depths greater than 900 m. The polar cod is known to frequent river mouths. It is a hardy fish that survives best at temperatures of 0–4°C, but may tolerate colder temperatures owing to the presence of antifreeze protein compounds in its blood. They group in large schools in ice-free waters.
''B. saida'' feeds on plankton and krill. It is in turn the primary food source for narwhals, belugas, ringed seals, and seabirds. They are fished commercially in Russia.
==References==
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